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February Care for Roses Preparing Your Garden for a Thriving Season

By: Paul Zimmerman for Jackson & Perkins

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February is a pivotal time for rose gardeners, as preparations now ensure strong growth and vibrant blooms in the months ahead. Depending on your growing conditions, we list specific tasks this month that will set your roses up for success. Here’s a zone-by-zone guide to February rose care, focusing on feeding, pruning, planting, and soil care.

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Southern Zones (Zone 8 and Higher)

In Southern zones, February often marks the start of the growing season as roses begin to wake up. Now is the time to kickstart feeding, pruning, and planting.

  • Begin Feeding Roses: Once new leaves emerge, start a balanced fertilizer program to support early growth. Feed every 4-6 weeks throughout the growing season for optimal results.
  • Plant/Reserve New Roses: This is an excellent time to order bare-root roses. Choose a sunny spot with well-drained soil, and water thoroughly to encourage root establishment.
  • Prune for Structure: Remove dead, damaged, or crossing canes to shape the plant and improve airflow, which maintains health.
  • Add or Refresh Perennials: Complement your roses with pollinator-friendly perennials that add texture and seasonal interest without overcrowding.
  • Apply Dormant Spray: After pruning, apply dormant copper spray and horticultural oil to protect against pests and fungal diseases. Follow label instructions for best results.
  • Mulch and Soil Care: Refresh mulch with a 2-3 inch layer to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Conduct a soil test to check pH (aim for 6.0-6.5) and add lime or sulfur as needed to optimize conditions.

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Middle Zones (Zones 6 and 7)

February in the Middle zones is the time to prepare for spring growth. Pruning, soil testing, and mulching are key tasks this month.

  • Start Fertilization When Leaves Appear: As new growth emerges, begin feeding with a balanced fertilizer to fuel strong, early development.
  • Plant/Reserve New Roses: If the ground isn’t frozen, plant bare-root roses in well-drained soil. Water deeply to help roots establish.
  • Prune for Health: Prune roses after the last frost risk, typically about 6 weeks before your area’s expected frost-free date. Remove dead wood and shape the plant for even growth and airflow.
  • Add or Refresh Mulch: Apply a 2-3 inch mulch layer to regulate soil temperature and moisture, and suppress weeds.
  • Test and Amend Soil: Conduct a soil test to determine pH and nutrient needs. Adjust with compost or amendments like lime or sulfur to create the ideal growing conditions for roses.

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Northern Zones (Zone 5 and Lower)

In colder zones, February focuses on protection and preparation as you anticipate spring’s arrival.

  • Prepare for Pruning: While it’s too early for pruning, plan ahead by identifying the last frost date for your area and timing pruning accordingly (6 weeks before).
  • Inspect and Adjust Mulch: Ensure mulch around roses is 4-6 inches thick to insulate roots and prevent frost heaving during cold snaps.
  • Apply Dormant Spray After Pruning: Once pruning is complete (closer to March in many Northern regions), apply dormant spray to protect against pests and diseases.
  • Plant New Roses When Ground Thaws: If the ground has thawed, February may be suitable for planting bare-root roses. Choose sunny, well-drained spots and water thoroughly.
  • Soil Testing and Adjustments: Test soil pH and nutrient levels to prepare for spring planting. Amend soil with compost or specific nutrients to optimize growth conditions.

General Tips for All Zones

  • Winter Watering: Check soil moisture on warm days. Dry winds and low humidity can dehydrate roses even during dormancy. Water sparingly but deeply as needed unless the ground is frozen.
  • Plan Your Garden: Use February to design or update your garden layout. Consider new rose varieties or companion plants that complement your existing garden.
  • Focus on Plant Health: Monitor for signs of overwintering pests or fungal spores, particularly in regions prone to humidity.

A Healthy Start for a Beautiful Season

February rose care is about laying the groundwork for a season of beauty and abundance. By tailoring your tasks to your zone you’ll set your roses up for vigorous growth and spectacular blooms. With proper care now, your garden will reward you with vibrant, healthy roses all year long.

https://www.jacksonandperkins.com/blog/rose-blogs/february-rose-care-guide/b/february-rose-care-guide/


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